Bureau Junction, usually called Bureau, is a village in Bureau County, Illinois, United States. The population was 322 at the 2010 census. The village name is shown as both "Bureau Junction" and "Bureau" on federal maps, and is commonly called "Bureau", including by phone companies and the United States Post Office. It is part of the Ottawa–Streator Micropolitan Statistical Area. Bureau Junction was the point where the Rock Island Line railroad's branch line to Peoria split.