Gallatin is a city in Cherokee County, Texas, in the United States. The population was 419 at the 2010 census. Gallatin is an incorporated farming community at the junction of Farm roads 22 and 768, six miles north of Rusk in central Cherokee County. The area was first settled in the late 1840s, but a community did not develop until 1902, when the Texas and New Orleans Railroad was built through the area. John W. Chandler and his sister, Sophronia, who owned the surrounding land, asked Rusk attorney C. H. Martin to survey a townsite. Chandler named the new town Gallatin, after his hometown of Gallatin, Tennessee. The new community, located in a large truck-farming area, quickly developed into a market for tomatoes and other produce. The construction in 1907 of a branch line of the T&NO between Gallatin and Rusk further enhanced the town as a shipping center.