Peosta is a city in Dubuque County, Iowa, United States, and an exurb of the city of Dubuque. It is part of the Dubuque, Iowa Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 1,377 in the 2010 census, an increase of 111.5% from 651 in the 2000 census. Peosta experienced a 70% increase in population (estimated) from 2000 to 2007, making it the state's 10th-fastest growing city during that period. Peosta is currently the seventh-largest city in Dubuque County, but it will likely soon pass Farley (pop. 1,537) and Epworth (pop. 1,860) to become the fifth-largest. The community is home to a large industrial park, the largest campus of Northeast Iowa Community College, and a handful of new commercial businesses.