The Lower Rhine (German: Niederrhein; kilometers 660 to 1,033 of the Rhine River) flows from Bonn, Germany, to the North Sea at Hoek van Holland, Netherlands (including the Nederrijn or "Nether Rhine" within the Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta); alternatively, Lower Rhine may be cited as the part upstream of Pannerdens Kop, to the exclusion of the Nederrijn.