Joseph Chamberlain (8 July 1836 – 2 July 1914) was a British politician and statesman. He was best known as the leading imperialist of the day in Britain, first in the radical wing of the Liberal Party then in the Liberal Unionist alliance partner of the Conservative Party. He was the chief advocate and supervisor of the Second Boer War (1899–1902), and by 1906, when a stroke ended his career, was the leading advocate of "tariff reform" (that is, imposing high tariffs in place of free trade).