The Observatoire Cantonal de Neuchâtel (Neuchâtel Observatory) is an astronomical observatory funded by the Public Economy Department of the Neuchâtel State (Switzerland) . It is located in Neuchâtel and was founded in 1858. Besides astronomical observations, the Neuchâtel observatory also works with atomic clocks. Before 1967, one second was defined by the rotation of the earth, and thus Neuchâtel observatory calibrated clocks via observations.