Dzhendema or Djendema, meaning "hell", applies to the South slope of Mount Botev, 2376 m above sea level, the highest peak in the Balkan mountain range in Bulgaria (42°41′41″N24°54′41″E). It is also called the Southern Dzhendem. It was established as reserve on March 28, 1953. Djendema encompasses 42.2 km², and is the largest reserve in the mountain and the second largest reserve in Bulgaria. It is centred on a granite extrusion combined with limestone outcroppings to form a labyrinth of steep slopes; deep, narrow gorges, massive rock cliffs, and huge waterfalls. Djendema Reserve shelters beech and fir forests and large meadows with unique sub-alpine grassy species and communities. Because of its specific geological and climatic conditions,the area is rich in endemic species and rare plants.